Viewing Collection: indicators

{
  "indicator": {
    "label": "Urban Population",
    "description": "Urban population refers to the share (%) of people living in Urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the ratio between Rural Population and Total Population.",
    "id": "WB-SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS",
    "dataset": "WB-DEM",
    "measurement_unit": "Percentage (%)",
    "picture": "",
    "related_landvoc_concepts": "land governance;urban population;urban areas;",
    "related_themes": "Urban Tenure;Socio-Economic & Institutional Context;",
    "related_overarching_categories": ""
  }
}

{
  "source_url": "WB-SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS"
}

{
  "indicator": {
    "label": "Rural Population",
    "description": "Rural population refers to the share (%) of people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. It is calculated as the ratio between Urban Population and Total Population.",
    "id": "WB-SP.RUR.TOTL.ZS",
    "dataset": "WB-DEM",
    "measurement_unit": "Percentage (%)",
    "picture": "",
    "related_landvoc_concepts": "land use;rural population;rural areas;",
    "related_themes": "Land Stakeholders & Institutions;",
    "related_overarching_categories": ""
  }
}

{
  "source_url": "WB-SP.RUR.TOTL.ZS"
}

{
  "indicator": {
    "label": "Population aged 65 and above",
    "description": "Population ages 65 and above as a percentage of the total population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of the country of origin.",
    "id": "WB-SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS",
    "dataset": "WB-DEM",
    "measurement_unit": "Number",
    "picture": "",
    "related_landvoc_concepts": "poverty;land tenure;food security;",
    "related_themes": "Socio-Economic & Institutional Context;",
    "related_overarching_categories": ""
  }
}

{
  "source_url": "WB-SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS"
}

{
  "indicator": {
    "label": "Population living in slums (% of urban population)",
    "description": "Population living in slums is the proportion of the urban population living in slum households. A slum household is defined as a group of individuals living under the same roof lacking one or more of the following conditions: access to improved water, access to improved sanitation, sufficient living area, and durability of housing. Source: UN HABITAT, retrieved from the United Nation's Millennium Development Goals database. Data are available atmdgs.un.org or athttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.POP.SLUM.UR.ZS",
    "id": "WB-EN.POP.SLUM.UR.ZS",
    "dataset": "WB-DEM",
    "measurement_unit": "Percentage (%)",
    "picture": "",
    "related_landvoc_concepts": "slums;land policies;urban population;urban areas;",
    "related_themes": "Land Stakeholders & Institutions;Urban Tenure;Socio-Economic & Institutional Context;",
    "related_overarching_categories": ""
  }
}

{
  "source_url": "WB-EN.POP.SLUM.UR.ZS"
}

{
  "indicator": {
    "label": "Equal access to property rights index (Quality of land administration index - Doing Business)",
    "description": "The equal access to property rights index has two components: Whether unmarried men and unmarried women have equal ownership rights to property. A score of -1 is assigned if there are unequal ownership rights to property; 0 if there is equality. Whether married men and married women have equal ownership rights to property. A score of -1 is assigned if there are unequal ownership rights to property; 0 if there is equality. Ownership rights cover the ability to manage, control, administer, access, encumber, receive, dispose of and transfer property. Each restriction is considered if there is a differential treatment for men and women in the law considering the default marital property regime. For customary land systems, equality is assumed unless there is a general legal provision stating a differential treatment. The index ranges from -2 to 0, with higher values indicating greater inclusiveness of property rights. In Mali, for example, unmarried men and unmarried women have equal ownership rights to property (a score of 0). The same applies to married men and women who can use their property in the same way (a score of 0). Adding these numbers gives Mali a score of 0 on the equal access to property rights indexwhich indicates equal property rights between men and women. On the contrary in Tonga, unmarried men and unmarried women do not have equal ownership rights to property according to the Land Act [Cap 132], Sections 7, 45 and 82 (a score of -1). The same applies to married men and women who are not permitted to use their property in the same way according to the Land Act [Cap 132], Sections 7, 45 and 82 (a score of -1). Adding these numbers gives Tonga a score of -2 on the equal access to property rights indexwhich indicates unequal property rights between men and women. Read more aboutthe \"Equal access to property rights index Methodology\"",
    "id": "WB-DB-RP-QLA-EAPR.INDEX",
    "dataset": "WB-DB",
    "measurement_unit": "Index (-2; 0)",
    "picture": "",
    "related_landvoc_concepts": "land registration;",
    "related_themes": "Land Stakeholders & Institutions;Land & Investments;",
    "related_overarching_categories": ""
  }
}

{
  "source_url": "WB-DB-RP-QLA-EAPR.INDEX"
}

{
  "indicator": {
    "label": "Geographic coverage index (Quality of land administration index - Doing Business)",
    "description": "The geographic coverage index has four components: How complete the coverage of the land registry is at the level of the largest business city. A score of 2 is assigned if all privately held land plots in the city are formally registered at the land registry; 0 if not. How complete the coverage of the land registry is at the level of the economy. A score of 2 is assigned if all privately held land plots in the economy are formally registered at the land registry; 0 if not. How complete the coverage of the mapping agency is at the level of the largest business city. A score of 2 is assigned if all privately held land plots in the city are mapped; 0 if not. How complete the coverage of the mapping agency is at the level of the economy. A score of 2 is assigned if all privately held land plots in the economy are mapped; 0 if not. The index ranges from 0 to 8, with higher values indicating greater geographic coverage in land ownership registration and cadastral mapping. In the Republic of Korea, for example, all privately held land plots are formally registered at the land registry in Seoul (a score of 2) and in the economy as a whole (a score of 2). In addition, all privately held land plots are mapped in Seoul (a score of 2) and in the economy as a whole (a score of 2). Adding these numbers gives Korea a score of 8 on the geographic coverage index.  Read more aboutthe \"Geographic coverage indexMethodology\"",
    "id": "WB-DB-RP-QLA-GEOCOVER.INDEX",
    "dataset": "WB-DB",
    "measurement_unit": "Index (0; 8)",
    "picture": "",
    "related_landvoc_concepts": "land registration;",
    "related_themes": "Land Stakeholders & Institutions;Land & Investments;",
    "related_overarching_categories": ""
  }
}

{
  "source_url": "WB-DB-RP-QLA-GEOCOVER.INDEX"
}

{
  "indicator": {
    "label": "Reliability of infrastructure index (Quality of land administration index - Doing Business)",
    "description": "The reliability of infrastructure index has six components: How land titles are kept at the registry of the largest business city of the economy. A score of 2 is assigned if the majority of land titles are fully digital; 1 if the majority are scanned; 0 if the majority are kept in paper format. Whether there is an electronic database for checking for encumbrances. A score of 1 is assigned if yes; 0 if no. How maps of land plots are kept at the mapping agency of the largest business city of the economy. A score of 2 is assigned if the majority of maps are fully digital; 1 if the majority are scanned; 0 if the majority are kept in paper format. Whether there is a geographic information systeman electronic database for recording boundaries, checking plans and providing cadastral information. A score of 1 is assigned if yes; 0 if no. How the land ownership registry and mapping agency are linked. A score of 1 is assigned if information about land ownership and maps are kept in a single database or in linked databases; 0 if there is no connection between the different databases. How immovable property is identified. A score of 1 is assigned if there is a unique number to identify properties for the majority of land plots; 0 if there are multiple identifiers. The index ranges from 0 to 8, with higher values indicating a higher quality of infrastructure for ensuring the reliability of information on property titles and boundaries. In Turkey, for example, the land registry offices in Istanbul maintain titles in a fully digital format (a score of 2) and have a fully electronic database to check for encumbrances (a score of 1). The Cadastral Directorate offices in Istanbul have digital maps (a score of 2), and the Geographical Information Directorate has a public portal allowing users to check the plans and cadastral information on parcels along with satellite images (a score of 1). Databases about land ownership and maps are linked to each other through the TAKBIS system, an integrated information system for the land registry offices and cadastral offices (a score of 1). Finally, there is a unique identifying number for properties (a score of 1). Adding these numbers gives Turkey a score of 8 on the reliability of infrastructure index.  Read more aboutthe \"Reliability of infrastructure index Methodology\"",
    "id": "WB-DB-RP-QLA-INFRA.INDEX",
    "dataset": "WB-DB",
    "measurement_unit": "Index (0; 8)",
    "picture": "",
    "related_landvoc_concepts": "land registration;",
    "related_themes": "Land Stakeholders & Institutions;Land & Investments;",
    "related_overarching_categories": ""
  }
}

{
  "source_url": "WB-DB-RP-QLA-INFRA.INDEX"
}

{
  "indicator": {
    "label": "Land dispute resolution index (Quality of land administration index - Doing Business)",
    "description": "The land dispute resolution index assesses the legal framework for immovable property registration and the accessibility of dispute resolution mechanisms. The index has eight components: Whether the law requires that all property sale transactions be registered at the immovable property registry to make them opposable to third parties. A score of 1.5 is assigned if yes; 0 if no. Whether the formal system of immovable property registration is subject to a guarantee. A score of 0.5 is assigned if either a state or private guarantee over immovable property registration is required by law; 0 if no such guarantee is required. Whether there is a specific compensation mechanism to cover for losses incurred by parties who engaged in good faith in a property transaction based on erroneous information certified by the immovable property registry. A score of 0.5 is assigned if yes; 0 if no. Whether the legal system requires verification of the legal validity of the documents necessary for a property transaction. A score of 0.5 is assigned if there is a review of legal validity, either by the registrar or by a professional (such as a notary or alawyer); 0 if there is no review. Whether the legal system requires verification of the identity of the parties to a property transaction. A score of 0.5 is assigned if there is verification of identity, either by the registrar or by a professional (such as a notary or a lawyer); 0 if there is no verification. Whether there is a national database to verify the accuracy of identity documents. A score of 1 is assigned if such a national database is available; 0 if not. How much time it takes to obtain a decision from a court of first instance (without an appeal) in a standard land dispute between two local businesses over tenure rights worth 50 times income per capita and located in the largest business city. A score of 3 is assigned if it takes less than one year; 2 if it takes between one and two years; 1 if it takes between two and three years; 0 if it takes more than three years. Whether there are publicly available statistics on the number of land disputes in the first instance. A score of 0.5 is assigned if statistics are published about land disputes in the economy in the past calendar year; 0 if no such statistics are made publicly available. The index ranges from 0 to 8, with higher values indicating greater protection against land disputes. In Lithuania, for example, according to the Civil Code and the Law on the Real Property Register, property transactions must be registered at the land registry to make them opposable to third parties (a score of 1.5). The property transfer system is guaranteed by the state (a score of 0.5) and has a compensation mechanism to coverlosses incurred by parties who engaged in good faith in a property transaction based on an error by the registry (a score of 0.5). A notary verifies the legal validity of the documents in a property transaction (a score of 0.5) and the identity of the parties (a score of 0.5), in accordance with the Law on the Notary Office (Law I-2882). Lithuania has a national database to verify the accuracy of identity documents (a score of 1). In a land dispute between two Lithuanian companies over the tenure rights of a property worth $770,000, the Vilnius District Court gives a decision in less than one year (a score of 3). Finally, statistics about land disputes are collected and published; there were a total of 549 land disputes in the country in 2016 (a score of 0.5). Adding these numbers gives Lithuania a score of 8 on the land dispute resolution index. Read more aboutthe \"Land dispute resolution indexMethodology\"",
    "id": "WB-DB-RP-QLA-LDR.INDEX",
    "dataset": "WB-DB",
    "measurement_unit": "Index (0; 8)",
    "picture": "",
    "related_landvoc_concepts": "land registration;",
    "related_themes": "Land Stakeholders & Institutions;Land & Investments;",
    "related_overarching_categories": ""
  }
}

{
  "source_url": "WB-DB-RP-QLA-LDR.INDEX"
}

{
  "indicator": {
    "label": "Transparency of information index (Quality of land administration index - Doing Business)",
    "description": "The transparency of information index has 10 components: Whether information on land ownership is made publicly available. A score of 1 is assigned if information on land ownership is accessible by anyone; 0 if access is restricted.  Whether the list of documents required for completingthe registration ofproperty transactions is made publicly available. A score of 0.5 is assigned if the list of documents is accessible online or on a public board; 0 if it is not made available to the public or if it can be obtained only in person. Whether the fee schedule for completing the registration of property transactions is made publicly available. A score of 0.5 is assigned if the fee schedule is accessible online or on a public board or is free of charge; 0 if it is not made available to the public or if it can be obtained only in person. Whether the agency in charge of immovable property registration commits to delivering a legally binding document that proves property ownership within a specific time frame. A score of 0.5 is assigned if the service standard is accessible online or on a public board; 0 if it is not made available to the public or if it can be obtained only in person. Whether there is a specific and separate mechanism for filing complaints about a problem that occurred at the agency in charge of immovable property registration. A score of 1 is assigned if there is a specific and separate mechanism for filing a complaint; 0 if there is only a general mechanism or no mechanism. Whether there are publicly available official statistics tracking the number of transactions at the immovable property registration agency. A score of 0.5 is assigned if statistics are published about property transfers in the largest business city in the past calendar year at the latest on June 1st of the following year; 0 if no such statistics are made publicly available. Whether maps of land plots are made publicly available. A score of 0.5 is assigned if maps are accessible by anyone; 0 if access is restricted. Whether the fee schedule for accessing maps is made publicly available. A score of 0.5 is assigned if the fee schedule is accessible online or on a public board or free of charge; 0 if it is not made available to the public or if it can be obtained only in person. Whether the mapping agency commits to delivering an updated map within a specific time frame. A score of 0.5 is assigned if the service standard is accessible online or on a public board; 0 if it is not made available to the public or if it can be obtained only in person. Whether there is a specific and separate mechanism for filing complaints about a problem that occurred at the mapping agency. A score of 0.5 is assigned if there is a specific and separate mechanism for filing a complaint; 0 if there is only a general mechanism or no mechanism. The index ranges from 0 to 6, with higher values indicating greater transparency in the land administration system. In the Netherlands, for example, anyone who pays a fee can consult the land ownership database (a score of 1). Information can be obtained at the office, by mail or online using the Kadaster website (http://www.kadaster.nl). Anyone can also get information online about the list of documents to submit for property registration (a score of 0.5), the fee schedule for registration (a score of 0.5) and the service standards (a score of 0.5). And anyone facing a problem at the land registry can file a complaint or report an error by filling out a specific form online (a score of 1). In addition, the Kadaster makes statistics about land transactions available to the public, reporting a total of 214,793 property transfers in Amsterdam in 2016 (a score of 0.5). Moreover, anyone who pays a fee can consult online cadastral maps (a score of 0.5). It is also possible to get public access to the fee schedule for map consultation (a score of 0.5), the service standards for delivery of an updated plan (a score of 0.5) and a specific mechanism for filing a complaint about a map (a score of 0.5). Adding these numbers gives the Netherlands a score of 6 on the transparency of information index.  Read more aboutthe \"Transparency of information index Methodology\"",
    "id": "WB-DB-RP-QLA-TRANSP.INDEX",
    "dataset": "WB-DB",
    "measurement_unit": "Index (0; 6)",
    "picture": "",
    "related_landvoc_concepts": "land registration;",
    "related_themes": "Land Stakeholders & Institutions;Land & Investments;",
    "related_overarching_categories": ""
  }
}

{
  "source_url": "WB-DB-RP-QLA-TRANSP.INDEX"
}

{
  "indicator": {
    "label": "Quality of land administration index (Doing Business) - Distance To Frontier",
    "description": "This is thedistance to frontier score of the indicator Quality of land administration index(thatranges from 0 to 30, with higher values indicating better quality of the land administration system) The distance to frontier score helps assess the absolute level of regulatory performance over time. It measures the distance of each economy to the frontier, which represents the best performance observed on each of the indicators across all economies in the Doing Business sample since 2005. One can both see the gap between a particular economys performance and the best performance at any point in time and assess the absolute change in the economys regulatory environment over time as measured by Doing Business. An economys distance to frontier is reflected on a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 represents the lowest performance and 100 represents the frontier. Read more aboutthe \"Quality of land administration index Methodology\"",
    "id": "WB-DB-RP-QLA.DTF",
    "dataset": "WB-DB",
    "measurement_unit": "Index (0; 100)",
    "picture": "",
    "related_landvoc_concepts": "land registration;",
    "related_themes": "Land Stakeholders & Institutions;Land & Investments;",
    "related_overarching_categories": ""
  }
}

{
  "source_url": "WB-DB-RP-QLA.DTF"
}